Net Electric Flux Formula

In physics, the net electric flux formula is a fundamental concept that describes the relationship between the electric field and the distribution of charges in a given region. The formula is derived from Gauss's law, which states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is proportional to the charge enclosed by the surface.

The formula for the net electric flux is given by:

Φ = ∫∫S ε0 E · dA

Where Φ is the electric flux, ε0 is the permittivity of free space (approximately 8.854 x 10^-12 farad/meter), E is the electric field intensity, and dA is an element of area on the surface S.

In the case of a point charge q, the electric field intensity at a distance r from the charge is given by:

E = kq/r^2

Where k is Coulomb's constant (approximately 8.99 x 10^9 N m^2 C^-2).

To calculate the electric flux through a spherical surface around a positive point charge q, we can use the formula above and integrate over the surface of the sphere. This gives us:

Φ = ε0 E · dA = ε0 kq/r^2 * 4πr^2

Simplifying this expression, we get:

Φ = (1/ε0) * (kq)/r

This shows that the electric flux through a spherical surface around a point charge is inversely proportional to the distance from the charge.

In conclusion, the net electric flux formula is a powerful tool for analyzing the distribution of charges in a given region and calculating the resulting electric field intensity. It has numerous applications in various fields of physics, including electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, and electrical engineering.

Net electric flux formula